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The use of drugs is common during poultry farming. However, due to the different properties of drugs, their effects are not the same. Some drugs are used to treat diseases, while others are used to prevent diseases. How to rationally use drugs has become an important issue in poultry farming. The following editor will tell you about the relevant knowledge about the rational use of drugs in poultry farming. 1. What is the relationship between the poultry's sense of taste, smell and medication Chicken has only 29 taste buds, and its sense of taste is not sensitive, but its sense of smell is relatively sensitive. When poultry drink water or add medicine to feed, the bitter taste of general medicine does not affect eating and drinking water, but when poultry suffers from indigestion and loss of appetite, the effect of using bitter medicine at this time is extremely poor. Poultry has no discrimination against salty taste in feed. Birds have a better olfactory system, so they will refuse feed and drinking water with drug smell. 2. The difference between raw powder and finished drug 1. From October 1, 2005, the operation of raw powder is prohibited. Because the incorrect use of the original powder leads to the rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains, the mutation speed of bacteria and viruses is much faster than the speed of research and development, and the disease is more difficult to treat, forming a vicious circle. Escherichia coli is becoming more and more difficult to treat is an example. Raw powder: a. Low solubility; b. Large side effects (nephrotoxicity); c. Easy to produce drug resistance; d. Large dosage. 2. Finished medicine a. Easily soluble; b. The formula is reasonable, the effect is fast, good, and the drug effect lasts for a long time; c. No drug residue and drug resistance. 3. The use of commonly used drugs for high-incidence diseases 1. Clinical application of Escherichia coli drugs 1. Both are Escherichia coli medicines, but they have different characteristics. Only by making full use of their characteristics can the treatment of diseases be more effective. Cephalosporin net (containing fosfomycin sodium and calcium) has a significant effect on swollen head syndrome after 1-2 hours, and it is the drug with the fastest effect on swollen head syndrome. It can be combined with lactams, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones All combinations are synergistic. First use apramycin for 2 hours and then use fluoroquinolones to adopt time difference therapy, and the effect is good. 2. Florfenicol has the characteristics of quick-acting and long-acting, long half-life, effective blood drug concentration in the body for a long time, and also has a certain curative effect on the respiratory tract. 2. The use of mycoplasma drugs 1. Current drugs for the treatment of mycoplasma: macrolides: erythromycin, clarithromycin, tylosin, tilmicosin, azithromycin; tetracyclines: oxytetracycline, doxycycline; lincomycin, Fluoroquinolones. 2. Clarithromycin is currently the most widely used drug in humans, and its effect is better than that of azithromycin. 3. Enrofloxacin is relatively familiar. In fact, the effect of treating mycoplasma is quite obvious. It is recommended that you use the medicine at the right time. Doxycycline has been used less in the past two years, and now it is more sensitive and the price is lower. 3. Use of anthelmintics Whether it is nematode repellent or coccidial drugs, it is best to use them in the afternoon. After the action of the drugs at night, the dead insects or live eggs can be discharged in the morning, so clearing and disinfecting the feces in the early morning can reduce the chance of recurrence. 4. Characteristics or characteristics of chloramphenicol The reason for its prohibition is that it can cause irreversible damage to the bone marrow, affect the hematopoietic and immune organs, and the residue can cause people to suffer from aplastic anemia and leukemia. Features: heat-resistant, boiled for 5 hours without being damaged, easy to fail in case of alkali. Based on such characteristics, it is added to some traditional Chinese medicines to enhance the effect and increase the mixing amount. But for chicken flocks, it can seriously affect the production performance of chickens. 5. Feed additives and dosages for anti-heat stress 1. Sodium bicarbonate 1-4kg/T; 2. Paracetamol 250g/T; 3. Stability 0.5-1.0g/T; 4. Sodium salicylate 250-500g/T; 5. Chlorpromazine 5-10g/T; Vc200g/T; 6. Chlorpheniramine maleate 5-10g/T; 7. Aspirin 0.05-0.20%; 8. Honey 3-5% improves palatability and can also be used as a source of potassium to effectively control heat stress symptoms The above additives can be used alone, up to three, which can effectively relieve heat stress! 4. The role of additives and nutrients 1. What role can baking soda play in the poultry industry 1. Acid-base balance regulator. Acid-base imbalance can cause a series of diseases. Adding it usually can prevent the body from abnormal or sub-healthy state. 2. Promote digestion and increase weight gain. 3. Anti-heat stress, dosage 0.1-0.5‰. 2. What is the effect of Vc on poultry 1. Vc participates in amino acid metabolism, synthesis of neurotransmitters, synthesis of collagen and intercellular substance, can reduce capillary permeability, stimulate blood coagulation function, accelerate blood coagulation, promote iron absorption in the intestine, and increase resistance to infection resistance. Participate in detoxification function, and has antihistamine effect. 2. Regular use has a good effect on stimulating hematopoiesis, detoxification, relieving summer heat, and adjuvant treatment of high fever diseases. 3. The specific role of protein and energy When talking about feed, most people will say that the quality of the feed depends on the level of protein, but it is not true. The real evaluation of the quality of the feed is the feeding experiment. First, high protein may not be able to absorb; second, whether protein and energy are in balance. If the protein is too high and the energy is low, the protein will be partially converted into energy for its needs, which will cause a lot of waste, and the gain outweighs the gain. 1. Protein raw materials: soybean meal, cotton meal, rapeseed meal, fish meal, meat and bone meal, meat floss powder. 2. Energy raw materials: corn, vegetable oil, animal oil. 3. Protein is the source of muscle for broilers, and energy determines its growth rate and later fattening degree. Protein controls egg weight for laying hens, and energy determines egg production rate. 5. Disinfection 1. The use of common disinfectants 1. Iodine can kill coccidia eggs, so when coccidia (enterotoxic syndrome) occurs, the effect of drinking water and environmental disinfection will be twice the result with half the effort. At the same time, iodine can kill mold, so this kind of product should be used more in the early autumn season when mold is prone to occur . 2. Chlorine-containing disinfectants can be used to purify water in places with poor water sources or places prone to E. coli. 3. Disinfectants containing quaternary ammonium salts can kill myxobacteria in chicken drinking water pipes, and frequent use can prevent blockage. 4. Potassium permanganate is the mildest and least irritating disinfectant to the intestinal tract. The maximum dose is 0.01%, and its oxygen ion content is high. Therefore, it can effectively prevent and treat anaerobic infection (necrotizing enteritis, enterotoxic syndrome) when using it when you have intestinal diseases. 2. How to use fumigation and disinfection For each cubic meter of space, use 28ml of formalin, 14g of potassium permanganate, and 14ml of water. The fumigation time is 24 hours. After disinfection, it is best to close the chicken house for more than two weeks. If solid formaldehyde is used for disinfection, 3.5g/m³ can be placed in a heat source. 3. What is the reason for the lack of fog during fumigation and disinfection? At present, fumigation is still one of the best methods, but the disadvantage is that the operation process is strict, the indoor temperature is 20°C, and the humidity is about 60%. If there is less fog, it proves that the humidity of the air is low, so it is enough to increase the humidity.

1. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will carry out special rectification actions to standardize the use of drugs in livestock and poultry breeding Recently, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Notice on Carrying out Special Rectification Actions to Standardize Medications for Livestock and Poultry Breeding." It is required to comprehensively and systematically inspect and guide the use of drugs for livestock and poultry breeding, severely crack down on illegal activities such as the use of raw materials, chemical intermediates, human drugs, "self-made seedlings", and fake veterinary drugs in accordance with the law, and effectively rectify drug use beyond the scope, dosage, and time limit , Non-standard medication records and other violations, effectively implement the veterinary prescription drug system, drug withdrawal period system and other veterinary drug safety use regulations, and further standardize the behavior of livestock and poultry breeding medication. 2. The 2023 National Veterinary Qualification Examination Announcement Released The announcement on matters related to the 2023 National Veterinary Qualification Examination was released. The announcement confirmed that the online registration time is March 6-17, 2023. Candidates can check the audit results after May 22, and the specific examination time is July 16. 3. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: Promote the reduction of aquaculture use, and strengthen the supervision and management of the use of veterinary drugs and other inputs for aquaculture Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in the "Five Major Actions" for the Promotion of Aquaculture Green and Healthy Aquaculture Technology in 2023". The "Notice" requires that we continue to promote the reduction of aquaculture medication, and the backbone bases must achieve a continuous reduction in the amount of medication, especially the use of antibiotics, year-on-year. At the same time, the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Spring Aquaculture Production" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs also clearly proposes to strengthen the supervision and management of the use of veterinary drugs and other inputs for aquaculture. 4. In 2022, the total output value of Shandong veterinary drugs will be 16.9 billion yuan, ranking first in the country In 2022, there are 248 veterinary drug companies included in the statistics in Shandong Province, with a total output value of 16.9 billion yuan, ranking first in the country. There are 5 enterprises with an output value of more than 1 billion in Shandong Province, 3 enterprises with an output value of 500-100 million, and 11 enterprises with an output value of 100-500 million. 5. There are 1,359 enterprises in my country that have passed the new version of veterinary drug GMP, and more than 50,000 veterinary drug management enterprises Cai Xuepeng, president of the China Veterinary Medicine Association, said recently: "As of February 15, 2023, 1,359 companies have passed the new GMP inspection, including 1,188 chemical and traditional Chinese medicine manufacturers, and 171 biological product manufacturers (including chemical and There are 14 companies and 68 diagnostic products companies). 6. The Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has suspended a number of African swine fever-free communities Recently, the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs suspended a number of African swine fever-free communities, including Tangshan Xinhao Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Shandong Rongchang Breeding Co., Ltd., and Hubei Zhengjia Original Breeding Farm Co., Ltd. Ezhou Original Pig Farm. The disease-free community whose qualification is suspended should complete the rectification within 12 months and apply to the provincial animal husbandry and veterinary department for evaluation. If the rectification is not completed on schedule or the assessment is not passed, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will issue an announcement to revoke the disease-free qualification. 7. It is hard to find a seedling of white-feathered meat duck, and the price has increased by more than 300% At the beginning of January, the price of a white-feathered meat duck was still 1.7 yuan, but in February, it had risen to 7 yuan, an increase of more than 300%. Farmers are still actively replenishing their stalls, and it is even difficult to find a "seedling".

According to news from the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on March 1, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued a notice recently, deciding to carry out a 10-month special rectification campaign to standardize livestock and poultry breeding medicines from March 2023 to effectively control veterinary drug residues. Exceeding the standard problem, and effectively guarantee the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs attaches great importance to the problem of excessive veterinary drug residues, and adopts comprehensive control measures such as the implementation of veterinary drug QR code traceability, breeding "anti-reduction", publicity and training, etc., to promote the decline in the use of veterinary antibacterial drugs in the livestock and poultry breeding process. Veterinary drugs for livestock and poultry products The passing rate of residual sampling inspection has remained above 98% for many years. However, problems such as over-range, over-dose, overtime, and irregular drug records still exist in the livestock and poultry breeding process, and great efforts are needed to rectify them. The notice requires all localities to take "three rectifications and one strengthening" as the main task to carry out special rectification actions. The first is to rectify illegal sales of raw materials and other behaviors, focusing on cracking down on the sale of raw materials, chemical intermediates, human medicines, and "self-made seedlings" to breeding entities. , fake veterinary drugs and other serious illegal acts; the second is to rectify the exaggerated efficacy of veterinary drug labels and instructions, and focus on cracking down on feed ingredients or feed additives that use Chinese medicinal materials as the main ingredients to prevent, treat and diagnose animal diseases. Violations of the "three excesses" such as over-dose medication and over-time limit medication; the third is to rectify irregularities in the use of veterinary drugs, focusing on rectification of non-recording of medication use, inaccurate filling of medication information, etc., and urging guidance to standardize and accurately fill in medication information; The fourth is to strengthen the publicity and education of standardized drug use, focusing on carrying out the public welfare relay action of "scientific use of veterinary antibacterial drugs", and continuously improving the ability and level of standardized drug use in livestock and poultry breeding.

Due to the different types and dosage forms of drugs, the methods of administration are also different. Different drug methods have different effects, and may even cause changes in the properties of the drug. For example, oral administration of penicillin will destroy the efficacy of the drug. , properties, purpose of use and animal feeding methods, choose the appropriate method of use, the following drug administration methods are generally used clinically 1 for oral administration. This method of administration is simple and easy to implement, and is suitable for most drugs. It can not only exert the local effect of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract, but also exert the therapeutic effect of the whole body after absorption. It is often used in the form of feeding, drinking water, and mixed feeding. It is an intensive method. The most commonly used method of administration in large-scale poultry production. 2 injections. The characteristic of this method is that the drug is absorbed faster, safer, and the drug effect appears sooner. There are intramuscular injections, intravenous injections, etc. In the poultry industry, they are only used for the treatment of individual critically ill poultry, and others are rarely used. 3 Skin and mucous membrane administration. Drugs are penetrated and absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes to exert their local or systemic therapeutic effects. Commonly used methods include nasal drops, eye drops, irritating seeds, and external application. This method is often used for vaccination and trauma treatment. 4 inhalation. It is a method adopted in group prevention and control when performing anesthesia, such as the 1-day-old aerosol immunization of Newcastle disease NDW vaccine.

Most chicken farmers think that medicine is not good, fake medicine and so on. Some medicines are used correctly, but the management can`t keep up, so it`s still not good! Here I will tell you how to use medicine in poultry, and how to use medicine to achieve the best effect. 1. The dosage should be sufficient first. In practice, many technicians and chicken farmers have misconceptions about the dosage of the medicine. Either the dosage is insufficient or the dosage is too large, resulting in poor therapeutic effect or poisoning. If we calculate the amount of medicine according to the actual feed intake or drinking water of the chicken, it will lead to insufficient dosage and it is difficult to cure the disease; another example is the disease of chickens that drink more water, like bronchitis, infectious bursal disease or summer The increase in temperature in the chicken house causes the chickens to drink more water, which is 3-4 times the amount of feed intake. At this time, if we calculate the dosage according to the amount of drinking water, it may cause poisoning. Second, here is an emphasis on how to calculate the dosage. If you want to know how much medicine to use in a day, you must first know the normal feed intake of the chicken, and calculate the drinking water amount of the chicken according to the feed intake of the chicken, and the drinking water amount is calculated as twice the feed intake of the chicken. For example, the veterinarian tells you that this pack of medicine is mixed with 300 catties of water, that is to say, the dosage is calculated according to the amount of drinking water throughout the day. For example, if the chickens eat 300 catties of food for a whole day, then the chickens drink 600 catties of water, which is calculated as the daily dosage. That is to say, 600 divided by 300 equals 2 packs. These two packs are the dosage of the chickens for a whole day. They should be consumed in four to five hours. Inside, the chicks drink for four or five hours, which is called concentrated medication. 3. Let me introduce the feed intake of laying hens (local chickens): Before 10 days of age: (days+2)g 10-20 days old: (days+1)g 20-50 days old: grams of ingredients = days old 51-150 days old: 50+(days-50)/2 Breeding chickens over 150 days old: more than 100g stable Peak egg production: about 120g Feeding according to the above calculation method, the accumulative feed consumption of 1 hen reaches 150 days of age is 8.84kg, and the annual feed consumption of laying hens is 36.5kg, which can basically meet the needs of laying eggs. 4. Calculation method of broiler daily feed intake (based on Ross 308 broiler chicken): 1-10 days old: the first day: 6g, then increase by 4g per day, such as: 7 days: 30g 11-20 days: (days-2)/10 *50 eg: 15 days: 65g 21-30 days old: (days-1)/10 *50 eg: 26 days 125g 31-40 days old: days old/10*50 eg: 35 days 175g 40-50 days old: 200g Under normal circumstances, feed with full-price feed, and each chicken will eat 4.5kg of feed until it is released, and the average weight can reach 2.5kg. Usually, the feed intake of the chicken flock should not exceed the daily feed intake. If it exceeds the feed intake, the flock will be considered abnormal. , in the feeding and management process, it is necessary to properly limit its feed intake, otherwise the flock will be prone to disease or difficult to control after the disease. Fifth, we should pay attention to reasonable drug compatibility to enhance the curative effect. If you don`t know about medicines, don`t mix several medicines casually, otherwise it will cause ineffectiveness or reduce the efficacy of the medicine. Don`t just look at the main ingredients (there are many unmarked ingredients), neither can be used in combination, otherwise the medicine may be reduced. Efficacy, unless stated separately by the pharmaceutical manufacturer. 6. To learn to isolate sick flocks is a key measure that will help improve the cure rate and reduce drug costs. Jumping out the chickens that are seriously ill and feeding them with treatment drugs alone can reduce the fatality rate and increase the cure rate. After the large group is cured, the administration of medicine can be stopped, which greatly reduces the cost of medicine. 7. Dosing should be symptomatic and have a correct plan. Dosing should be based on sensitive drugs, and if necessary, drug sensitivity tests should be done to prescribe the right medicine. Emphasize again not to take medicine based on superficial phenomena. Because chicken diseases are more complicated now, they are generally mixed. Two or more pathogens exist at the same time, such as mycoplasma and E. coli, viruses and mycoplasma and E. coli, such as mixed infection of Newcastle disease and mild avian influenza, infectious The bursa and Newcastle disease are mixed, so detailed diagnosis, compound medication, and multiple drugs are used together to ensure the curative effect. If the medication does not work within 48 hours, then the treatment plan is not appropriate, or the medication is improper, and a new diagnosis and plan must be made to be effective. When chickens develop kidney enlargement, drugs such as gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, furazolidone, sulfonamides, and olaquindox should be used as little or as little as possible, otherwise it will aggravate renal failure and aggravate the condition. Eight, pay attention to the palatability of drugs. When the feed intake and water consumption of chickens are extremely reduced, try to use less bitter drugs, and try to find a way to get the proper amount of drugs for each chicken. If necessary, inject some sick chickens intramuscularly. Measures such as glucose or gavage. 9. Be cautious when using kidney swelling drugs. Generally, medicines for kidney swelling are laxatives. According to traditional Chinese medicine, kidney diseases are all symptoms of deficiency (yin deficiency and yang deficiency). The principle of treatment should be to replenish the deficiency. When the amount is large, it is easy to cause renal failure and aggravate the condition. It can be used in conjunction with glucose or oral rehydration salts. 10. Precautions for the use of oral rehydration salts, application on chickens. Rehydration salt is a good oral rehydration drug. Especially when the patient is seriously ill, the combined application can indeed improve the curative effect, but the concentration and time of administration must be well controlled, otherwise side effects (diarrhea) will occur. In general, it is enough to drink orally for 3-5 hours a day. Chicks can use less salt, add 0.12 catties to 100 catties of water. (Oral rehydration salt formula: add 2 catties of glucose, 0.35 catties of salt, 0.15 catties of potassium chloride, and 0.25 catties of baking soda for every 100 catties of water, drink immediately after mixing) 11. Analysis of glucose concentration used in poultry poisoning treatment. The glucose concentration when rescuing poultry poisoning must be above 5%, 10% is the best, and the concentration below 5% is basically invalid. 12. Analysis of precautions for poultry medication in hot season. In the hot season, chickens are prone to heatstroke. The method of preventing heatstroke is not only to cool down and use anti-heatstroke drugs, but also to increase the drinking water of chickens is a very important measure. For this reason, all factors that affect the drinking water of chickens must be avoided. Two points must be paid attention to when using medicine in hot season: 1. Do not use too bitter drugs. 2. Try not to use therapeutic drugs from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm (except for heatstroke prevention drugs).

The following is a summary of 18 commonly used medicines in poultry farming, "one medicine and one medicine". Rural chicken farmers may wish to collect them first and then distribute them in groups. It is very useful! Raising chickens in rural areas 1. [Amoxicillin] mainly treats chicken colibacillosis, pullorum, staphylococcal disease and fowl cholera. Usage: mixed drink, 60 mg per liter of water, for 3~5 consecutive days. 2.[Ampicillin]indicates chicken colibacillosis, chicken salmonellosis, staphylococcal disease and fowl cholera. Usage: mixed drink, 60 mg per liter of water, for 5 consecutive days. 3. [Tilmicosin] is mainly used to treat slow-breathing in chickens, mycoplasma synovial bursa, and fowl cholera. Usage: 75 mg per liter of water, for 3 consecutive days. 4. [Tylosin] mainly treats chicken chronic respiratory disease and Mycoplasma synovialum. Usage: Add 500 mg per liter of water, or 300-600 grams per ton of material, for 3-5 consecutive days. chicken chronic respiratory disease 5. [Spectinomycin Hydrochloride] is mainly used to treat slow breathing and mycoplasma synovial bursa in chickens. Usage: 1~2 grams per liter of water, for 5 consecutive days. 6. [Lincomycin] is mainly used to treat chicken slow breathing and mycoplasma synovial bursa. Usage: 20-40 mg per liter of water, for 5-7 consecutive days. chicken synovial mycoplasma disease 7. [Ligomycin]indicates chicken colibacillosis, slow breathing and mycoplasma synovial bursa. Usage: 0.5-5 grams per liter of water, drink continuously for 5-7 days. 8. [Tiamulin Fumarate] is mainly used to treat slow breathing and mycoplasma synovial bursa in chickens. Usage: 125~250 mg per liter of water, drink for 3 days. chicken synovial mycoplasma disease 9. [Erythromycin] Indications for slow breathing and staphylococcal disease in chickens. Usage: 2.5 grams per liter of water, drink continuously for 3~5 days. 10. [Doxycycline Hydrochloride] is mainly used for the treatment of chicken slow breathing, mycoplasma synovialis, staphylococcus disease, colibacillosis and fowl cholera. Usage: Oral administration once, 10-20 mg/kg for poultry, for 5 consecutive days. chicken staphylococcal disease 11. [Oxytetracycline] is mainly used to treat chicken slow breathing, Escherichia coli, pullorum, and fowl cholera. Usage: mixed drink, poultry 60~250mg/kg, feed continuously for 3~5 days. 12. [Nystatin] is mainly used to treat chicken candidiasis, aspergillosis and pneumonia caused by fumagillin. Usage: Feed 500,000 to 1,000,000 units of poultry per kilogram of feed, and feed continuously for 7 to 10 days. chicken air sac 13. [Colistin Sulfate] is mainly used to treat chicken colibacillosis, chicken dysentery, and pullorum. Usage: 20-60 mg per liter of water, for 5 consecutive days. 14. [Enrofloxacin] mainly treats chicken colibacillosis, salmonellosis, fowl cholera, mycoplasma disease, and staphylococcal disease. Usage: 50-75 mg per liter of water, for 3-5 consecutive days. Chicken pullorum 15. [Florfenicol] is mainly used to treat Escherichia coli, pullorum, paratyphoid, slow breathing, fowl cholera. Usage: Poultry 40 mg/kg intramuscular injection, or add 200~500 mg per ton of feed, for 5-7 consecutive days. 16. [Sulfadiazine (SD)]Indications for chicken rhinitis, coccidiosis, white crown disease, fowl cholera, paratyphoid. Usage: compound sulfadiazine suspension, 0.2~0.4ml per liter of water, for 5~7 consecutive days. fowl cholera 17. [Sulfamethoxazole (SM2)] Sulfamethoxazole, mainly used for the treatment of chicken rhinitis, coccidiosis, white crown disease, fowl cholera, and paratyphoid fever. Usage: Oral administration once, per kilogram of body weight, the first dose of poultry is 50-100 mg, the maintenance dose is 25-50 mg, twice a day, for 3-5 consecutive days. chicken infectious rhinitis 18. [Sulfamethazine (SM2)] is mainly used to treat chicken rhinitis, coccidiosis, fowl cholera, and staphylococcus disease. Usage: mixed feeding, poultry 0.4%~0.5%; mixed drinking, poultry 0.1%-0.2%, limited to one week.